The following figure sketches the computation of the CBC-MAC of a message comprising blocks m 1 ‖ m 2 ‖ ⋯ ‖ m x ). To calculate the CBC-MAC of message m, one encrypts m in CBC mode with zero initialization vector and keeps the last block. This interdependence ensures that a change to any of the plaintext bits will cause the final encrypted block to change in a way that cannot be predicted or counteracted without knowing the key to the block cipher. The message is encrypted with some block cipher algorithm in cipher block chaining (CBC) mode to create a chain of blocks such that each block depends on the proper encryption of the previous block. In cryptography, a cipher block chaining message authentication code ( CBC-MAC) is a technique for constructing a message authentication code (MAC) from a block cipher.
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